ACIP Roundup: 9-Valent HPV and Typhoid Vaccinations
Nine-Valent HPV Vaccine Recommendations
The CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices have published recommendations for vaccinating against the human papillomavirus with Gardasil 9, the 9-valent HPV vaccine.
The vaccine targets 5 more strains (31, 33, 45, 52, and 58) than the quadrivalent version of the vaccine. The additional 5 strains are responsible 15% of cervical cancers, according to the committee.1
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The committee’s recommendations for the 9-valent HPV vaccine match those the group has released for other HPV vaccines. Females aged 13 to 26 and males aged 13 to 21 are advised to receive all 3 doses. Additional vaccination for men who have sex with men, and immunocompromised patients is recommended through age 26 in adults.1
“HPV vaccines are contraindicated for persons with a history of immediate hypersensitivity to any vaccine component. 4vHPV and 9vHPV are contraindicated for persons with a history of immediate hypersensitivity to yeast. 2vHPV should not be used in persons with anaphylactic latex allergy,” said the authors of the guidelines. 1
The vaccine is not recommended in women who are pregnant. They suggest reporting any adverse events to VAERS. 1
Typhoid Vaccine Recommendations
The ACIP has released updated typhoid vaccine recommendations; the recommendations were last revised in 1994.
The most prominent change to the guidelines was the removal of a discontinued parenteral whole-cell vaccine from the list of recommendations. The committee listed Typhim Vi (a parenteral Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine) and Vivotif (an oral live-attenuated Ty21a vaccine) as the 2 vaccination options for typhoid.2
“Neither typhoid vaccine available in the United States is licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for prevention of paratyphoid fever, although limited observational data suggest the oral, live-attenuated Ty21a vaccine might offer some protection against Paratyphi B (tartrate negative),” said the authors of the recommendations. 2
ACIP noted that parenteral Vi vaccines are well-tolerated in patients. Some adverse reactions could include fever, erythema, or swelling at the injection site. 2
While fever was the most common symptom in those receiving Ty21a vaccines, other adverse events included nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, rash, vomiting, urticaria, and headache. 2
-Michelle Canales Butcher
References:
1. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Use of 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: updated HPV vaccination recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices. March 27, 2015. www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6411a3.htm. Accessed March 30, 2015.
2. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Updated recommendations for the use of typhoid vaccine—Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2015. March 27, 2015. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6411a4.htm?s_cid=mm6411a4_w. Accessed March 30, 2015.