periodontal disease

Individuals with periodontal disease have a 2- to 3-fold higher risk for what other disease?

A. Esophageal disease
B. Cardiovascular disease
C. Lung disease

Answer: B, Cardiovascular disease

According to Harvard Health Publishing of Harvard Medical School, individuals with periodontal disease, or gum disease, have a 2- to 3-fold higher risk for heart attack, stroke, or other serious cardiovascular events.