The management of diabetes is continuing to advance. Many new agents introduced during the past 20 years have steadily improved the outlook for effective and tolerable treatment. The last decade in particular has seen tremendous progress in the pharmacotherapy of diabetes.

Dizziness is a nonspecific term that describes an unpleasant sensation of imbalance or altered orientation in space. This common clinical problem affects at least a third of the population in one form or another at some point during their life. The prevalence increases significantly with age and is higher among those with diabetes. 

There are many therapies for treating chronic pain ranging from medications to invasive techniques, including injections and surgery. Often overlooked and underused are the various nonpharmacologic therapies, such as psychotherapy, physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), and acupuncture (Table). Because of the limited education most physicians receive on chronic pain in medical school and postgraduate training, they often have little knowledge about the potential role these therapies have in managing this problem, much less any experience in utilizing them.